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Table 6 Essential medicines for children unapproved in the US, UK, and Japan with paediatric evidence

From: Approval status and evidence for WHO essential medicines for children in the United States, United Kingdom, and Japan: a cross-sectional study

Name

ATCa

Therapeutic use

Adult efficacyb

Paediatric efficacyb

Dosage formc

Potassium iodide

D

Cutaneous sporotrichosis

Favours efficacy

Favours efficacy

A

Doxycycline

J

Malaria

Favours efficacy

Favours efficacy

A

Amikacin

J

Tuberculosis

Favours efficacy

Favours efficacy

A

Rifampicin

J

Leprosy

Favours efficacy

Favours efficacy

A

Capreomycin

J

Tuberculosis

Effective

Favours efficacy

A

Diphtheria antitoxin

J

Diphtheria

Effective

Effective

NA

Isoflurane

N

General anaesthesia

Effective

Effective

A

Primaquine

P

Malaria

Favours efficacy

Favours efficacy

A

Artesunate

P

Malaria

Effective

Effective

NA

Artesunate + Mefloquine

P

Malaria

Effective

Effective

NA

Artesunate + Amodiaquine

P

Malaria

Effective

Effective

NA

Benznidazole

P

American trypanosomiasis

Inconclusive

Favours efficacy

NA

Protamine sulfate

V

Heparin overdose

Effective

Favours efficacy

A

  1. aAnatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification codes: D, dermatologicals; J, general anti-infectives for systemic use; L, antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents; N, nervous system; P, antiparasitic products; V, various
  2. bAdult or paediatric efficacy: Inconclusive, evidence is inconclusive; Favours efficacy, evidence favours efficacy
  3. cDosage Form: A, available; NA, not available