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Table 5 Multivariable logistic regression of the factors associated with the pharmacist’s willingness to administer influenza vaccine in their pharmacies

From: Exploring determinants of community pharmacist-led influenza vaccination in a Middle Eastern country: a national web-based cross-sectional study

 

Willingness to administer influenza vaccines

 
 

No

Yes

P-value

aOR

95% C.I. for aOR

n (%)

n (%)

Lower

Upper

Age

0.002

   

 More than 40 years old

37 (28.7%)

92 (71.3%)

1

   

 40 years old or less

53 (20.6%)

204 (79.4%)

0.001

3.106

1.597

6.040

Education level

0.012

   

 BS pharmacy

60 (26.2%)

169 (73.8%)

1

   

 More than BS degree (PharmD, Master, PhD…)

36 (19.7%)

147 (80.3%)

0.025

2.022

1.093

3.741

Previous experience in immunization

0.043

   

 No

31 (32.30%)

65 (67.7%)

1

   

 Yes

65 (20.6%)

251 (79.4%)

0.007

2.725

1.320

5.627

Geographical location

0.041

   

 Rural

38 (28.8%)

94 (71.2%)

    

 Urban

58 (20.7%)

222 (79.3%)

0.039

1.542

1.219

4.627

Number of hours pharmacist is working per week

0.006

   

 0–24 h

35 (37.6%)

58 (62.4%)

1

   

 More than 24 h

61 (19.1%)

258 (80.9%)

0.022

2.341

1.131

4.845

Number of hours pharmacy is open per week

0.047

   

 Less than 50 h

6 (33.3%)

12 (66.7%)

1

   

 50–120 h

87 (24%)

276 (76%)

0.259

2.157

0.568

8.199

 7 days 24/24

3 (9.7%)

28 (90.3%)

0.029

7.993

1.238

11.604

Attitude towards immunization

0.006

   

 Negative

20 (66.7%)

10 (33.3%)

1

   

 Positive

75 (19.6%)

307 (80.4%)

0.041

3.014

1.872

10.422

Attitudes towards provision of influenza vaccine by community pharmacists

 < 0.001

   

 Negative

30 (60%)

20 (40%)

1

   

 Positive

65 (18%)

297 (82%)

 < 0.001

13.721

4.889

38.507

Patient privacy concern

0.01

   

 No

57 (20.1%)

227 (79.9%)

1

   

 Yes

38 (29.7%)

90 (70.3%)

0.011

0.553

0.079

0.983

Time and cost needed for professional development and training

0.01

   

 No

54 (23.6%)

175 (76.4%)

1

   

 Yes

41 (22.4%)

142 (77.6%)

0.019

0.551

0.172

0.918

Pharmacists are less trusted by patients to provide such service

0.012

   

 No

64 (26.2%)

180 (73.8%)

1

   

 Yes

31 (18.5%)

137 (81.5%)

0.008

0.399

0.203

0.784

Financial reimbursement or adequate remuneration concern

 < 0.001

   

 No

9 (13.6%)

57 (86.4%)

1

   

 Yes

86 (24.9%)

260 (75.1%)

 < 0.001

0.182

0.088

0.377

Requirement of formal certification in vaccine administration

 < 0.001

   

 No

22 (12%)

161 (88%)

1

   

 Yes

73 (31.9%)

156 (68.1%)

 < 0.001

0.075

0.020

0.279

  1. n frequency, % percentage, aOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval, P-value < 0.05 is considered statistically significant