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Table 2 Characteristics of the 168 veterinary drug outlets included in the study

From: Expiry of veterinary medicines in supply outlets in Central Uganda: prevalence, management and associated factors

Variable

Categories

Frequency

n (%)

Type of supplier

p-value

(ChiSq/exact Pr)

Retail

n (%)

Wholesale

n (%)

Cost of stock, in UGX (USD)***

 < 200 M (55,000)

114 (67.9)

109 (95.6)

5 (4.4)

 < 0.001*

200 M–500 M (55,000–137,000)

32 (19.1)

19 (59.4)

13 (40.6)

 > 500 M (137,000)

22 (13.1)

9 (40.9)

13 (59.1)

Source of stock

Uganda

158 (94.1)

133 (84.2)

25 (15.8)

 < 0.001*

Asia, Africa and Europe

10 (5.9)

4 (40)

6 (60)

Procurement policy

Yes

82 (48.8)

70 (85.4)

12 (14.6)

0.213

 

No

86 (51.2)

67 (77.9)

19 (22.1)

 

Practice FIFO

Yes

91 (54.5)

84 (92.3)

7 (7.7)

 < 0.001*

 

No

76 (45.5)

52 (68.4)

24 (31.6)

 

Practice FEFO

Yes

145 (86.3)

177 (80.7)

28 (19.3)

1.000**

 

No

23 (13.7)

20 (86.9)

3 (13.1)

 

Electronic system

Yes

41 (24.4)

24 (58.6)

17 (41.5)

 < 0.001*

 

No

127 (75.6)

133 (89.0)

14 (11.0)

 
  1. This table shows the characteristics of veterinary drug outlets that were included in the study. Most of the outlets had stock that was valued at < 200 M Uganda shillings (USD 55,000) at the time of this research. Slightly less than half of the outlets (82/168, 48.8%) have a written procurement policy while just a quarter (41/168, 24.4%) had an electronic inventory management system
  2. *Statistical significance at p ≤ 0.05 using **Chi-square tests; **Fisher’s exact test probability value; ***UGX = Uganda shillings; USD = United States Dollars